Apple

Apple

The apple origin from The Himalayan foothill determines the factors for the apple tree growth. The apple spreads over temperate climate areas. The best regions for the cultivated apples are these with cool summers, mild winters and normal soil and air humidity.
The normal development of the winter apple requires temperature amount to be 2500°C. If the temperature amount is more than 2500°C, you have to cultivate only summer and autumn apple sorts.
Apple trees can stand minus temperatures( -32°C and -50°C for some sorts) but they are critical for the plant around and after the blossoming season. The combination of high summer temperatures and low soil and air humidity is not good for the apple.
The insufficiency of water as well as water excess influence the apple development. For a normal crop amount in our country with it's weather conditions,apple trees have to be irrigated. The best way to this is by using drip irrigation.
The best places for growing apples are the mountain foot, the river valleys of never failing rivers in the summer and the northern exposures where the humidity remains for a long time.
Useful advices
  • Apple Irrigation
  • The following phases in which apple needs irrigation are critical for the plant:
    -  during the blossoming season in April;
    -  in June;
    -  in July and August when fruit are fast growing and fruit buds are forming for the next year;
    -  in September when winter sorts of apple are growing ripe;
    -  in the late autumn.
    The best irrigation for the needs of the apple tree is the drip irrigation.
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  • Apple Planting
  • The best time to plant an apple tree is in the autumn or in the early spring but it's better to do the planting in the autumn - this time coincides with the end of leaf fall and precedes big winter colds.The planting field must be flat or with gradient up to 10-12°. It is preferable to plant the apples on the northern or north-eastern exposures.
    The soil is of great importance for the apple development. The soil must be generous, good aerated and moistured,clay-sandy or sandy-clay. It shouldn't be shallow more than 1m.
    The planting distances are as follows:
    - poor growing apple trees: 1-2m in row and 3-4m between rows;
    - tempered growing: 2-4m between plants and 3-5m bwetween rows;
    - highly growing trees: 4-6m in row and 6-7m between rows.
    In apple planting there're used 80-100kg potassium fertilizers, 150-160kg phosphorus and around 3-4t natural fertilizers. The planting holes have to be 80x100x70sm. You have to cut off the healthy sapling roots with 1-2sm and the damaged ones till you reach healthy tissue. After you plant the apple tree you have to water it with 15-20l.

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